MTB shoes are the right pick whenever your riding involves trails, dirt, or frequent off-bike movement. They feature a recessed cleat area with aggressive tread, so you can walk on rocks, mud, and loose terrain without slipping or damaging your cleats. The 2-bolt cleat system (typically SPD) sits flush with the sole, keeping it protected when you're on foot.
Compared to road shoes, MTB shoes sacrifice a bit of pedaling stiffness for walkability and durability. The reinforced toe and heel add protection on rugged terrain. This trade-off makes them ideal for trail riding, enduro, cross-country, and bikepacking—any situation where you might need to hop off and hike a section.
Don't choose MTB shoes if you're exclusively road riding, as you'll give up power transfer for walkability you won't use. But if your rides mix dirt, gravel, or any off-bike time, MTB shoes are the practical choice.